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Rabu, 21 November 2012

INF RESOURCE MANAGEMENT


REPORT ON HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
I. INTRODUCTION
1. Effective human resources management continues to underpin the efficiency of the
Organization and the effective delivery of programme and operational activities in support of
the IOM Strategy. The importance of human resources management has been amplified over
the reporting period as a number of critical organization-wide reforms took place, including
the structure reform and the development of the unified Staff Regulations applicable to all
IOM staff members.
2. The implementation of the staff rotation policy continued in 2010. One of the
objectives of rotation has been the placement of senior managers from Headquarters in the
Field and a corresponding transfer of Field colleagues to key positions at Headquarters. This
movement of senior officials bodes well for improved coherence between Headquarters and
the Field. At the same time, it is recognized that rotation has placed additional pressure on the
Organization in terms of its structural and financial capacity to absorb change. The
Administration will therefore take into consideration lessons learned in next year’s rotation
exercise, in particular to manage the impact of restructuring.
3. The Human Resources Management Division (HRM) teams in Manila and Panama
have continued to provide operational human resources support to the IOM Field Offices,
while the HRM team at Headquarters has focused on a number of policy reforms and other
activities that seek to enhance human resources management in IOM. Specific activities
include the following:
(a) Finalization of a unified version of the Staff Regulations for all IOM staff.
(b) Review of the existing Performance Development System together with the first steps
taken towards the development of a new and integrated system that will embed staff
evaluation within the broader managerial architecture of the Organization.
(c) Completion of the second year of the annual rotation exercise supported through the
development and use of the Rotation Management System software, which operates as
an electronic database for storing relevant information and producing related reports
and statistical data.
(d) Active HRM engagement in the structural review at Headquarters and in the Field
Implementation Team.
(e) Ongoing support for rapid deployment of staff in response to emergencies in Haiti and
Pakistan.
II. IOM STAFFING
Vacancies and placements
4. During the period under review, there was no significant change in the staff strength of
the Organization: 7,735 in June 2009 and 7,699 at the end of June 2010, representing a 0.5 per
cent decrease in the number of staff over the year. Between January 2009 and June 2010,
IOM issued 94 vacancy notices for officials and recruited or placed 73 officials through
MC/INF/301
Page 2
internal (51) and external (22) advertisements. Furthermore, 8 vacancy notices were placed
for General Service staff at Headquarters and 56 short-term vacancy notices were issued for
officials. Recruitment activities were weighted towards the recruitment and deployment of
staff to support IOM’s response to natural disasters and post-crisis activities, in situations
such as the aftermath of the earthquake that struck Haiti in January 2010, and to meet staffing
needs in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Sudan.
Associate Experts
5. During the period under review, five new Associate Experts funded by the
Governments of Italy, Japan, Sweden and the United States of America joined IOM, bringing
the total number of Associate Experts deployed within the Organization to 23. IOM’s
Associate Experts Programme comprises 16 agreements with donor countries and fosters the
link for matching donor priorities with ongoing and potential IOM programmes, providing a
valuable opportunity to achieve mutually beneficial developmental goals. As a result of the
ongoing initiatives by the Organization to encourage donors to fund Associate Experts from
developing countries, the Italian Government funded a national of Zimbabwe under the
Programme. Administrative procedures are under way for a further three Associate Expert
positions to be filled. The Organization retained two Associate Experts during the reporting
period.
Staff exchanges, secondments and loans
6. A total of 29 people were seconded to or from IOM during the reporting period. The
secondments to IOM included one senior official from the Ministry of Justice of the
Netherlands who was deployed to Haiti. In addition, 20 staff were seconded from SYNI1 to
IOM. Of these, 14 have been deployed at Headquarters and 6 have been deployed in Field
Offices in Eastern Europe. Discussions leading to the secondment of a researcher from the
Migration Policy Institute to work for IOM were initiated during the reporting period. IOM
seconded officials to the Global Forum on Migration and Development, the International
Labour Organization (ILO), the World Health Organization and the World Intellectual
Property Organization and is also discussing the loan of a Legal Officer to the United Nations
Office for Project Services with cost coverage provided by the Office.
The IOM Internship Programme
7. The IOM Internship Programme continues to be a valuable source of support to IOM’s
core expertise, providing students or recent graduates with the opportunity to learn about the
Organization’s activities and to gain initial work experience. During the reporting period,
70 interns were hosted at Headquarters and 123 in the Field from a wide range of educational
backgrounds and nationalities. In addition, new agreements for hosting interns have been
signed with the Nagoya University and the Tokyo University of Foreign Studies in Japan.
1 SYNI is a non-profit-making professional project carried out by Lausanne City Council which offers motivated
professionals the possibility of participating in formative international cooperation assignments in Switzerland and
abroad. To that end, it facilitates short-term subsidized assignments for professionals residing in Switzerland and
interested in acquiring international work experience. SYNI is funded and commissioned by the Swiss State Secretariat
for Economic Affairs (SECO) and Lausanne City Council.
MC/INF/301
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Rotation
8. The 2009 rotation list was made up of 61 officials and included rotations that had been
deferred from the 2008 exercise. A total of 33 officials were rotated as part of this cycle and
out of these 26 officials were eligible for rotation. The remaining seven rotations were a result
of necessary changes in the structure or emergency rotations brought about by the specific
needs of some projects. Officials whose rotation was deferred from the 2009 rotation process
will be included in the next rotational cycle. The Administration and the Staff Association
Committee held several consultative meetings including a one-day retreat with senior
managers to address issues related to staff mobility and rotation and to examine lessons
learned from the first rotation exercise. Participants were aware that the rotation process had
required a significant cultural change for the Organization and also recognized that the
management of the next rotation cycle, together with the implementation of the structural
review recommendations, will require a great deal of consultation and coordination in 2011.
III. EFFECTIVE HUMAN RESOURCES SERVICE DELIVERY
HRM policy and services
9. During the reporting period, the Human Resources Policy and Systems Unit, working
in coordination with the Office of Legal Affairs and the Staff Association Committee,
finalized the revised unified version of the Staff Regulations that will apply to all IOM staff at
Headquarters and in the Field. A summary document explaining the new Regulations and
comparing them to the previous Regulations for officials and employees will be submitted to
the Standing Committee on Programmes and Finance for review and submission to the
Council.
10. In the past year, the following additional policies and guidelines were developed and
implemented:
(a) The IOM policy and guidelines on employment contracts were reviewed and
standardized. The revised guidelines define the different types of contracts and
associated entitlements and regulate the conditions required to obtain each type of
employment contract. A new fixed-term contract for two years was introduced and the
conditions for granting regular contracts with no fixed period of employment were
modified to require, among other things, a minimum of 10 years of continuous service
instead of the 5 years required under the previous instructions.
(b) New guidelines defining the administration of sick leave and submission of sick leave
requests under the human resources information system (PRISM HR) were developed.
(c) New instructions to establish uniform and transparent rules related to the appointment
and employment of close relatives of IOM staff members, while respecting the
principle of non-discrimination, were established.
(d) A policy to update and clarify the mandatory nature of IOM’s internal controls for
payroll management and other financial procedures was instituted.
MC/INF/301
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Staff well-being, health insurance and improved working conditions
11. During the year under review, IOM joined the Dual Career and Staff Mobility
Programme as part of an initiative to support officials moving to various duty stations as part
of the rotation process. The Programme is supported by the United Nations system and
partnering organizations to assist globally mobile families to adapt to new duty stations and to
help expatriate spouses/partners find jobs and maintain their professional careers.
12. Agreements were concluded with additional hospitals in Switzerland, the Philippines
and Kenya, to facilitate admission procedures and improve the cost-effectiveness of health
services. Other agreements are being negotiated in other IOM Field locations.
13. The extension of the Medical Service Plan health insurance coverage to IOM Field
Offices is still in progress. Twelve additional offices have been enrolled in the Plan during the
reporting period. A total of 115 Field Offices are now enrolled, with 6,148 participants (staff
members and eligible dependants).
14. In response to the increasing risks of violence against humanitarian workers and
exposure to traumatic events, the Occupational Health Unit (OHU) and the Health and
Insurance Medical Unit (HIM) in Manila delivered and participated in different training
activities for staff (first aid training for drivers; tactical emergency first aid training; security
training for frequent female travellers) to reduce risk exposure and allow better initial
reactions that can save lives. To minimize post-traumatic stress among staff, OHU/HIM also
offered stress management and medical support to offices in Afghanistan, Haiti, Myanmar,
South Africa and Sri Lanka in coordination with Stress Counsellors from the United Nations
Department of Safety and Security’s Critical Incident Stress Management Unit. A stress
management booklet focusing on staff working in conflict zones was produced to help staff
cope with stress under traumatic conditions.
Staff relations
15. HRM has continued to work closely with the Staff Association Committee. Regular
meetings are convened between the Administration and the Staff Association Committee and
HRM has sought to be proactive in addressing issues and concerns raised by the Committee in
relation to staff matters.
16. At the beginning of the year HRM initiated the Staff Welfare Group,2 which meets
once a month to address and initiate strategic mechanisms to help staff members and
management cope with difficulties and problems which, if left unresolved, could adversely
affect the work and effectiveness of Offices and the Organization as a whole.
17. In relation to staff grievances, the Joint Administrative Review Board received
10 appeals in the 12 months ending on 30 June 2010. No complaints were filed with the
ILO Administrative Tribunal.
2 The Staff Welfare Group is composed of the Ombudsperson, the Gender Officer, the Head of the Staff Development and
Learning Unit, the Head of the Occupational Health Unit, the Policy Specialist, the Legal Officer and the Insurance and
Provider Specialist and is chaired by the Director of HRM.
MC/INF/301
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Staff development and learning
18. The Training Advisory Committee was established in October 2009 with the aim of
providing guidance on the overall orientation of Staff Development and Learning Unit (SDL)
initiatives. The Committee has been consulted several times during the reporting period, and
its recommendations have been embedded in the overall application of staff development and
learning tools.
19. Continuing the trend established in 2009, Phase 2 of the IOM Project Management
Training Package is now delivered in Field Offices in order to facilitate staff access by
reducing travel costs. Five sessions were organized in 2009,3 as opposed to four in 2008.4 Six
sessions are planned for 2010, one in Geneva and five in the Field.
20. Recognizing the complex role that IOM Chiefs of Mission have to play, SDL has
advocated for a modular approach for targeted and meaningful training for Chiefs of Mission.
As such, the first module “Managing IOM Resources” will be piloted in October 2010, with
new modules on managing the security of IOM Staff, operations, media and mediation skills
planned for delivery in 2011.
21. The Performance Development System was reviewed at the end of 2009 by a group of
Resources Management Officers and HRM Specialists in Manila and Panama. Taking on
board the recommendations of this review, HRM and SDL have now taken the first steps in
developing a more robust system that will embed staff evaluation within the broader
managerial architecture of the Organization. The intention of the IOM Administration is to
launch the new system in the first half of 2011.
IV. CONCLUSION
22. The coming year will present heightened challenges for the Administration as it
implements the Field re-structuring procedures. It is anticipated that recent and ongoing
reforms such as the new Staff Regulations and the implementation of a new staff evaluation
system will facilitate HRM’s support to this implementation process. HRM continues to take
important steps towards improving the quality of human resources management in IOM.
3 Sessions were organized in Brussels, Geneva, Manila, Nairobi and Panama.
4 All these sessions were organized in Geneva.

Rabu, 07 November 2012

Bagaimana CBIS Memperbaiki Kualitas Produk dan Jasa agar Perusahaan Dapat Mencapai Keunggulan Kompetitif


A. PENDAHULUAN
Informasi adalah suatu hal yang digunakan pimpinan perusahaan, baik perusahaan swasta maupun pemerintahan dalam melaksanakan tugas-tugasnya. Tujuannya untuk memahami kebutuhan dan keinginan konsumen, sehingga perusahaan dituntut untuk dapat menentukan tingkat kualitas produk atau jasa yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan keinginan konsumen. Suatu perusahaan pasti ingin agar produk atau jasa yang dihasilkan dapat memuaskan konsumen, dapat bersaing dengan perusahaan lain dalam memperkenalkan produk dan jasanya, dan dapat dikenal  di seluruh dunia. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu sistem informasi yang tepat agar dapat memberikan petunjuk aktual tentang kegiatan-kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh setiap komponen dalam setiap perusahaan tersebut. Dalam mengambil keputusan bagi kelangsungan perkembangan perusahaan, sangat dibutuhkan informasi yang cepat, akurat, dan dapat dipercaya. Peran sistem informasi yang tepatlah yang sangat berperan dalam menghasilkan informasi yang cepat, akurat, dan dapat dipercaya.
Pimpinan perusahaan dalam mengelola informasi yang cepat dan akurat menggunakan program-program komputer. Program komputer mula-mula diterapkan pada tingkat lokal untuk memecahkan permasalahan lokal. Sekarang digunakan untuk mengelola sumber daya yang luas dari perusahaan-perusahaan yang memandang seluruh dunia sebagai pasar mereka.
Ada beberapa jenis aplikasi program komputer untuk mendukung kinerja suatu perusahaan bisnis, seperti aplikasi yang berkaitan dengan bidang penanganan transaksi akuntansi, bidang manajemen sumber daya manusia, bidang pengambilan keputusan, dan bidang informasi manajemen. Seluruh aplikasi program komputer atau software di bidang bisnis lebih dikenal dengan istilah Sistem Informasi Berbasis Komputer (Computer-Based Information System) atau CBIS. CBIS berperan dalam mengolah data menjadi informasi yang akurat dan merupakan alat bantu dalam pengambilan keputusan.
B. PEMBAHASAN
Keunggulan kompetitif di dalam perusahaan dapat dicapai melalui banyak cara, seperti menyediakan barang dan jasa dengan harga yang murah, mutu yang lebih baik dari pesaing, dan memenuhi kebutuhan suatu segmen pasar tertentu. Untuk lebih unggul dari pesaing tidak sepenuhnya hanya menggunakan sumber daya fisik tapi sumber daya konseptual seperti data dan informasi juga sangat beperan dalam hal ini. Salah satu  sumber daya konseptual yang banyak digunakan oleh perusahaan dalam dunia bisnis adalah Sistem Informasi berbasis Komputer atau CBIS. CBIS (Computer-Based Information System) yang dikenal dengan Bahasa Indonesianya Sistem Informasi Berbasis Komputer merupakan sistem pengolah data menjadi sebuah informasi yang berkualitas dan dipergunakan untuk suatu alat bantu pengambilan keputusan, koordinasi dan kendali, serta visualisasi dan analisis.
Cara CBIS memperbaiki kualitas produk dan jasa agar perusahaan dapat mencapai keunggulan kompetitif yaitu dengan adanya informasi, dan sumber daya informasi mencakup :
  1. Perangkat keras (Fasilitas);
  2. perangkat lunak (Database);
  3. spesialis informasi;
  4. dan pemakai.
1 Perangkat Keras (Fasilitas)
Perangkat keras merupakan fasilitas sistem yang utama, yang dapat membantu kerja sistem dari luar dan dapat dirasakan dengan panca indera manusia. Seperti, CPU, monitor, printer, dsb. Perangkat ini utamanya meliputi perangkat untuk pemasukan (Input Device), Unit pengolahan (Processor Unit), dan untuk penyajian (Output Unit), serta perangkat-perangkat pendukung lainnya untuk pemnyimpanan (disk), pengendalian (controller), komunikasi, dsb.
2 Perangkat Lunak (Database)
Perangkat lunak adalah sinyal-sinyal komputer yang bertugas untuk menghubungkan antara hardware dengan brainware agar dapat terjadi komunikasi. Salah satu perangkat lunak adalah database. 
Database merupakan aktivitas yang mengatur, mengkoordinir dan me-manage data-data yang akan diolah, baik yang langsung dapat dimanfaatkan atau yang masih belum bisa dimanfaatkan. Database ini ditata dengan hardware, software, dan brainware tertentu sehingga dihasilkan teknologi database berupa hierarchical, network, relationship, object oriented, multimedia, web, serta data warehouse. Dengan database data perusahaan yang dihasilkan akan semakin akurat dalam pengambilan keputusan.
3 Spesialis Informasi
Spesialisasi informasi adalah pegawai perusahaan yang sepenuh waktu bertanggungjawab mengembangkan dan memelihara sistem berbasis komputer, terutama CBIS.
Spesialisasi informasi dibagi dalam 5 golongan, yaitu :
a. Analis sistem;
b. pengelola database;
c. spesialis jaringan;
d. programmer;
e. dan operator.

4 Pemakai
Pemakai informasi adalah seluruh pegawai perusahaan yang sangat membutuhkan informasi dalam mengerjakan kepentingannya. Dalam Sistem Informasi manajemen, pemakai informasi terdiri dari, manager, non-manager, orang, atau organisasi diluar perusahaan.

B.1 Konsep Keunggulan Kompetitif dalam Operasional Perusahaan
Keunggulan kompetitif perusahaan dapat dibangun diatas salah satu dari tiga disiplin nilai. Pertama yaitu, operational prima. Perusahaan yang menggunakan strategi ini berupaya mencapai biaya paling efisisen pada setiap proses bisnis yang menghasilkan kualitas jasa dan barang sesuai harapan pelanggan. Kedua,  keakraban dengan pelanggan (customer intimacy). Perusahaan yang menggunakan strategi ini mempertahankan bisnis dengan menujukkan pemahaman luar biasa pada kebutuhan dan harapan pelanggan melebihi rata-rata kompetitor. Ketiga, produk atau layanan yang senantiasa inovatif dan terdepan (product leadership). Perusahaan yang menggunakan strategi ini membangun keunggulan kompetitif dengan terus-menerus menciptakan produk atau layanan yang canggih, paling baik, dan paling inovatif. 
B.2 Kualitas dan Keunggulan Kompetitif
Kualitas yang baik dapat meningkatkan penjualan dan biaya yang rendah. gabungan keduanya menghasilkan profitabilitas dan pertumbuhan. Agar kondisi seperti ini dapat dipertahankan, maka perusahaan harus menghindari dari kualitas produksi yang buruk. Karena kualitas produksi yang buruk dapat menyebabkan :
a. Kehilangan bisnis karena pelanggan pindah ke yang lain;
b. tuntutan hukum, karena kualitas buruk pelanggan bisa menuntut secara hukum;
c. kehilangan produktivitas;
d. biaya-biaya seperti, biaya kegagalan, biaya penilaian, dan biaya pencegahan.
C. KESIMPULAN
Keunggulan kompetitif di dalam perusahaan dapat dicapai melalui banyak cara, seperti menyediakan barang dan jasa dengan harga yang murah, mutu yang lebih baik dari pesaing, dan memenuhi kebutuhan suatu segmen pasar tertentu. Untuk lebih unggul dari pesaing tidak sepenuhnya hanya menggunakan sumber daya fisik tapi sumber daya konseptual seperti data dan informasi juga sangat beperan dalam hal ini. Salah satu  sumber daya konseptual yang banyak digunakan oleh perusahaan dalam dunia bisnis adalah Sistem Informasi berbasis Komputer atau CBIS. CBIS (Computer-Based Information System) yang dikenal dengan Bahasa Indonesianya Sistem Informasi Berbasis Komputer merupakan sistem pengolah data menjadi sebuah informasi yang berkualitas dan dipergunakan untuk suatu alat bantu pengambilan keputusan, koordinasi dan kendali, serta visualisasi dan analisis.
Cara CBIS memperbaiki kualitas produk dan jasa agar perusahaan dapat mencapai keunggulan kompetitif yaitu dengan adanya informasi, dan sumber daya informasi mencakup, perangkat keras (Fasilitas),perangkat lunak (Database), spesialis informasi, dan pemakai.


REFERENSI
http://cicidech.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/2402.pdf
http://www.brigidaarie.com/2012/10/08/computer-based-information-system/
http://staff.uny.ac.id/sites/default/files/penelitian/Saliman,%20Drs.%20M.Pd./CBIS.pdf
http://akmaldarmawansyarief.blogspot.com/2009/11/cbis-computer-based-information-system.html 

Selasa, 16 Oktober 2012

9.IRM



IRM Dalam Organisasi Berbasis Komputer

A.Pendahuluan
Informasi adalah salah satu dari lima jenis utama sumber daya yang dapat dipakai oleh manajer. Semua sumber daya, termasuk informasi, dapat dikelola. Pengelolaan informasi semakin penting saat bisnis menjadi lebih kompleks dan kemampuan komputer berkembang.
B.Tinjauan Pustaka
“Menurut Gordon B. Davis dalam bukunya Management Informations System : Conceptual Foundations, Structures, and Development menyebut informasi sebagai data yang telah diolah menjadi bentuk yang berguna bagi penerimanya dan nyata, berupa nilai yang dapat dipahami di dalam keputusan sekarang maupun masa depan.”
C.Pembahasan
Manajemen sumber daya informasi atau lebih dikenal dengan Information resources management (IRM) adalah aktivitas yang dijalankan oleh manajer pada semua tingkatan dalam perusahaan dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi, memperoleh dan mengelola sumber daya informasi yang diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pemakai.
Elemen-elemen IRM yang diperlukan :
1.       Kesadaran bahwa keunggulan kompetitif dapat dicapai melalui sumber daya informasi yang unggul.
2.       Kesadaran bahwa jasa informasi adalah suatu area fungsional utama.
3.       Kesadaran bahwa CIO adalah eksekutif puncak.
4.       Perhatian pada sumber daya informasi perusahaan saat membuat perencanaan strategis.
5.       Rencana strategis formal untuk sumber daya informasi.
6.       Strategi untuk mendorong dan mengelola end user computing.
Tipe-tipe dari sumber informasi :
Informasi umum, informasi dari para spesialis, para pemakai, fasilitas-fasilitas, database, software, hardware.

Informasi sebagai sumber strategis
Informasi merupakan salah satu sumber yang dapat menghasilkan keuntungan kompetitif.
Caranya : Dengan memfokuskan pada pelanggan & membangun sistem informasi yang bisa meningkatkan arus informasi antara perusahaan dan elemen lingkungannya.
-     Arus Informasi antara perusahaan dan pelanggan :
-     Informasi yang menerangkan kebutuhan produk
-     Informasi yang menerangkan penggunaan produk
-     Informasi yang menerangkan kepuasan produk
Keuntungan kompetitif dicapai apabila :
-          Terjalinnya hubungan yang baik antara elemen-elemen
-     Diperlukan arus informasi dengan semua elemen-elemen lingkungannya
-     Pentingnya efisiensi operasi internal
Usaha-usaha yang diperlukan untuk mencapai IRM yang sukses adalah :
-     Perusahaan berusaha untuk menggunakan informasi untuk mencapai keuntungan
kompetitif.
-          Para eksekutif harus menyadari bahwa pelayanan informasi sebagai area fungsional.
-          Para eksekutif harus mengakui keberadaan CIO
-     Para eksekutif harus memasukkan sumber-sumber informasi dalam perencanaan strategi.
-     Adanya perencanaan strategi formal untuk sumber-sumber informasi
-     Perencanaan strategis juga mengatur pemakai komputer.
D.Penutup
Informasi merupakan salah satu sumber yang dapat menghasilkan keuntungan kompetitif. Dengan memfokuskan pada pelanggan dan membangun sistem informasi yang baik perusahaan bisa meningkatkan arus informasi antara perusahaan dan elemen lingkungannya.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA :
http://dewipratami.wordpress.com/2010/10/09/sistem-informasi-
http://yulieee.wordpress.com/2009/11/27/sistem-informasi-berbasis-komputer-2/
http://ebisnis.wordpress.com/materi/e-operasional-resource-management/
http://akupastibisa.blogdetik.com/2010/11/06/pengertian-data-resource-management/
http://www.docstoc.com/docs/22289526/Struktur-Sistem-Informasi-Manajemen
http://parno.staff.gunadarma.ac.id/Downloads/files/13807/Pengenalan++IRM.doc
http://komputeron.livejournal.com/1693.html
http://sitialiyah.staff.gunadarma.ac.id/Downloads/files/8409/Minggu+7.ppt